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Appendix B ______________________________________________________ Calculation Formulas
VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 273
APPENDIX B
CALCULATION FORMULAS
This chapter contains information on the WMO-compliant calculation
formulas used in the measurements.
Dewpoint Temperature
The dewpoint component calculates the temperature, where dew is
beginning to form from moist air. This calculation is based on air
temperature and relative humidity.
Dewpoint temperature (t
d
) is calculated with the following WMO
(Annex 4.B) formulas:
⋅
−
⋅
⋅
=
)(112.6
´
ln62.17
)(112.6
´
ln12.243
pf
e
pf
e
t
d
and
),(´
),(´
100
tpe
tpe
U
w
dw
⋅=
which give:
()( )
[]
()
[]
()( )
[]
()
[]
100/12.243/62.17expln62.17
100/12.243/62.17expln12.243
ttU
ttU
t
d
+⋅⋅−
+⋅⋅⋅
=
Table 112 Inputs for Dewpoint Calculation
Input Variable
Air temperature (t) TAAVG1M; see Table 4 on page 22
Relative humidity (U) RHAVG1M; see Table 4 on page 22
- USER'S GUIDE 1
- Table of Contents 3
- CHAPTER 4 4
- CHAPTER 5 5
- CHAPTER 6 6
- CHAPTER 7 7
- CHAPTER 8 8
- APPENDIX A 9
- APPENDIX B 9
- APPENDIX C 9
- APPENDIX D 9
- GENERAL INFORMATION 11
- Version Information 12
- Related Manuals 12
- Documentation Conventions 12
- ESD Protection 13
- Recycling 14
- Regulatory Compliances 14
- Trademarks 14
- License Agreement 14
- Warranty 16
- PRODUCT OVERVIEW 17
- 1011-006 19
- Product Nomenclature 20
- FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 21
- 1011-012 22
- Sensor Reading 23
- Observation Values 24
- 1 hour VPAVG1H 25
- Precipitation 26
- Soil/Water Temperature 27
- Solar Radiation/Sunshine 27
- Evapotranspiration 27
- System Status 27
- Message Formats 29
- INSTALLATION 33
- Selecting Location 35
- Tilt Direction of Mast 36
- Soil Evaluation for Mast 36
- Site Preparation 37
- Protection 38
- 1012-200 39
- Foundation 41
- 0207-064 42
- Concrete Foundations 43
- Making New Concrete Block 44
- 1012-171 45
- 1012-172 45
- 0207-070 46
- Installing Mast DKP210 48
- 1012-201 49
- Mast Installation Procedure 50
- Installing Pedestal Tube 51
- 1012-174 52
- 1012-175 53
- 1012-205 54
- Connecting Guy Wires to Mast 55
- Installing Lightning Rod 56
- 1012-177 57
- Erecting Mast DKP210 58
- 1101-029 59
- 0303-042 59
- WARNING 60
- Securing Hinge 61
- 1012-207 63
- Mounting WMT703 66
- 1012-216 67
- 1001-018 70
- 1012-212 71
- 1012-180 73
- Installing GSM/GPRS Antenna 74
- 1101-011 77
- 1101-012 78
- 0011-042 78
- Installing Sensor Support 79
- 1101-013 80
- 1012-182 81
- Humidity Probe HMP155 82
- 1012-183 83
- Installing Pyranometer CMP6 84
- 1012-186 85
- Installed 86
- 1012-185 87
- 1108-009 88
- 0504-047 89
- 1012-189 91
- Installing Enclosure 92
- Installing Enclosure to Mast 93
- 1012-191 94
- Installing Enclosure to Wall 95
- Grounding Enclosure 96
- Preparing GSM/GPRS Modem 96
- Connecting Sensor Cables 97
- Transient Protection Devices 98
- Battery Regulator 98
- Powering Up System 99
- Connecting Batteries 100
- Mounting Backup Batteries 101
- 1012-198 102
- Connecting Battery Cables 103
- AC (Mains) Powering 104
- SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION AND 105
- OPERATION 105
- Installing USB Driver 106
- Connecting to AWS330 107
- 0802-134 108
- Establishing Connection 109
- 1101-016 110
- 1101-017 110
- 1101-018 111
- 1101-019 112
- 1011-013 113
- CAUTION 114
- Common Parameters 116
- Location Parameters 117
- Time and Time Zone 118
- 1011-016 119
- Sensor Parameters 120
- Calculation Parameters 121
- Messaging Parameters 122
- Messaging Protocols 123
- Alarming Protocols 125
- Protocol Parameters 126
- Internet 128
- FTP Server 128
- 1011-023 129
- 1101-022 130
- 1012-163 131
- 1012-164 133
- Telemetry Parameters 135
- 1012-166 136
- Poll Command Output Message 138
- CSV CSV 138
- TABLE Table 138
- 1012-167 139
- 1012-168 140
- AWS Client Main Window 141
- Defining AWS Client Settings 142
- 0905-008 143
- 1101-023 145
- 1204-079 147
- Options Window 148
- Number Format 150
- 1012-169 151
- Opening Service Connection 152
- 0802-141 153
- Giving Commands 154
- Closing Service Connection 155
- 0906-065 156
- 0906-066 156
- Working with Data Log Files 157
- Downloading Log Files 158
- 0802-156 159
- 0802-157 160
- 0802-157 161
- 0802-163 162
- 1101-025 163
- Using External Memory Card 164
- Resetting QML Logger 166
- 1011-007 167
- 1011-008 167
- 1011-009 168
- 1011-010 168
- 1011-011 168
- MAINTENANCE 169
- Site Maintenance 170
- Mast DKP210 Maintenance 170
- Using Winch 171
- Erecting Mast 172
- Sensor Support Maintenance 172
- Enclosure Maintenance 173
- Inside Enclosure Maintenance 174
- Field Check 175
- GSM/GPRS Antenna Maintenance 177
- Periodic Maintenance 178
- Visual Inspection 179
- Cleaning 179
- Testing Proper Operation 179
- 1005-003 180
- Snow Depth Sensor IRU-9429 181
- HMP155 Maintenance 182
- 0802-159 183
- Changing HMP155 184
- Sending for Calibration 184
- Pyranometer CMP6 185
- Replacing CMP6 186
- Visual Checking 187
- Maintenance 188
- 0204-045 191
- Replacing Bearings of WAA151 192
- Figure 113 WAA151 Assembly 195
- Replacing Components 197
- Changing Power Supply Set 199
- Changing Surge Protectors 200
- 1012-204 201
- Spare Parts 202
- Updating Software to Logger 204
- 1101-028 205
- TROUBLESHOOTING 207
- QML Logger 208
- Visual Check 212
- Connection Problems 213
- Determining Sensor Status 215
- Warnings and Errors 221
- Command SYSINFO 223
- Command netif 225
- Command ipconfig 226
- Command ping 226
- Command net 227
- Command ftp 229
- Command ntp 230
- Command Connection to WMT703 232
- WA15 Wind Vane 234
- WA15 Anemometer 235
- WA15 Crossarm 235
- Technical Support 236
- Vaisala Service Centers 236
- Product Returns 237
- Requesting RMA 238
- TECHNICAL DATA 239
- Table 73 Power Channels 240
- Figure 125 Connector Blocks 241
- Communication Modules 242
- 0903-024 243
- 1006-102 243
- 1006-103 244
- Digital I/O Module QMI118 245
- 1003-030 246
- 1004-122 247
- 1003-031 247
- Specifications 248
- Barometric Pressure 249
- AC (Mains) Power Supply 249
- Power Supply Accessories 250
- Battery Regulator QBR101C 251
- Power Supply Filter DRF06 252
- Solar Panel 253
- Enclosure 254
- Displays 254
- Sensors 256
- 1001-015 260
- Rain Gauge RG13(H) 261
- 0801-077 262
- GSM/GPRS Modem 263
- WIRING DIAGRAMS 265
- CALCULATION FORMULAS 275
- Heat Index 276
- Wind Chill (NWS 2001) 277
- Wet Bulb Temperature 277
- PTTTTPP 278
- QFE/QFF Pressure 280
- QNH Pressure 281
- Wind Calculation Formulas 282
- Sunshine Duration 284
- Lon = Station longitude 285
- Lat = Station latitude 285
- Wind Speed (U 289
- Vapor Pressure Deficit (e 289
- EXAMPLE MESSAGES 291
- Table Message 292
- SMS Message 292
- Alarm Messages 292
- SENSOR STATUS VALUES 295
- *M211296EN* 296
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